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Badanie ciśnienia krwi u psów i kotów
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Wyszukaj w serwisie


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Badanie ciśnienia krwi u psów i kotów


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Zarys historyczny

Pierwsze pomiary ciśnienia tętniczego (BP) zostały dokonane na początku XVIII wieku, gdy Stephen Hales przeprowadził eksperymenty na koniach. W swoim przełomowym dziele Haemastatics opisał technikę, w której wysokość słupa krwi w szklanej rurce wprowadzonej do tętnicy udowej konia mogła być użyta do określenia BP. Pierwsza nieinwazyjna metoda pomiaru ciśnienia krwi u ludzi została opisana w 1834 roku, następnie kolejne lata badań zaowocowały różnorodnością technik pomiaru ciśnienia krwi, które są stosowane do dziś zarówno w medycynie ludzkiej, jak i weterynaryjnej.

Fizjologia

Ciśnienie tętnicze krwi jest siłą wywieraną przez przepływającą krew na ściany tętnic. Ma charakter pulsacyjny z powodu przerywanych skurczów serca, tworząc falę poruszającą się do przodu. Główne elementy wpływające na wartość ciśnienia to rzut serca, obwodowy opór naczyniowy oraz objętość krwi. Skurczowe ciśnienie krwi (SBP, ang. systolic blood press­ure) to maksymalne ciśnienie podczas skurczu serca, a rozkurczowe ciśnienie (DBP, ang. diastolic blood pressure) to minimalne ciśnienie podczas rozkurczu. Średnie ciśnienie tętnicze (MAP, ang. mean arterial pressure) jest średnią wartością ciśnienia wywieranego podczas cyklu serca i jest głównym czynnikiem determinującym perfuzję narządów. MAP można przybliżyć za pomocą wzoru:

MAP = DBP + 13 (SBP − DBP) MAP = DBP + 31 ​(SBP − DBP)

Znaczenie kliniczne

Monitorowanie ciśnienia krwi w medycynie weterynaryjnej [...]

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Mogą zainteresować Cię również


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Wizytówka firmy


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Sklep


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