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Budowa i funkcjonowanie układu moczowego u psów i kotów - nerki
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Wyszukaj w serwisie


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Różnice w budowie i funkcjonowaniu układu moczowego między psami a kotami


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Fizjologicznie układ moczowy u zwierząt składa się z: nerek, moczowodów, pęcherza moczowego oraz cewki moczowej. Jego funkcje obejmują m.in. usuwanie z organizmu produktów przemiany materii i toksyn oraz utrzymanie gospodarki wodnej i elektrolitowej. Niektóre jego części spełniają także rolę w syntezie i wydzielaniu hormonów.

W zależności od gatunku jego budowa i funkcjonowanie mogą się różnić. Psy oraz koty, mimo że zbliżone do siebie pod względem anatomicznym i fizjologicznym, wykazują pewne rozbieżności w obrębie narządów wchodzących w skład układu moczowego.

Celem poniższego artykułu jest wyodrębnienie znanych różnic w budowie i funkcjonowaniu dróg moczowych u wymienionych gatunków.

Nerki

Jako najważniejsze ze składowych dróg moczowych określa się nerki (łac. renes). Regulują one objętość płynów, równowagę kwasowo-zasadową i skład elektrolitów w organizmie. Pełnią także funkcję narządu endokrynnego – wydzielając reninę, nerkowy czynnik erytropoetyczny i aktywne metabolity witaminy D. Psie i kocie nerki są określane jako gładkie i jednobrodawkowe o kształcie fasolowatym. Podział na brodawki jest zatarty, dodatkowo jest obecny grzebień nerkowy (łac. crista renalis) (1, 2).

Jeśli mówi się o różnicach w wyglądzie tych organów, można wspomnieć o tym, że psy mają zazwyczaj większe nerki w stosunku do wielkości ciała w porównaniu do kotów. Nerki kotów są także zwykle bardziej wydłużone w porównaniu do bardziej zaokrąglonych psich nerek. Położone są fizjologicznie u obu gatunków w jamie brzusznej, pozaotrzewnowo. Precyzując, [...]

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Mogą zainteresować Cię również


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Wizytówka firmy


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Sklep


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Poznaj nasze serwisy