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Cukrzyca u psów i kotów. Diagnostyka i możliwości terapii - Vetkompleksowo – serwis dla lekarzy weterynarii
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Wyszukaj w serwisie


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Cukrzyca u psów i kotów. Diagnostyka i możliwości terapii


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Właściwe stężenie glukozy we krwi zależy od wielu czynników, a równowaga pomiędzy procesem obniżania i podwyższania jej stężenia zapewnia tzw. normoglikemię, kiedy jej zawartość we krwi wynosi 3,9-6,7 mmol/l (70-120 mg/dl) u psów i 5,6-7,3 mmol/l (100-130 mg/dl) u kotów (współczynniki przeliczeniowe wynoszą: mmol/l x 18 = mg/dl oraz mg/dl x 0,056 = mmol/l).

Głównym czynnikiem odpowiadającym za prawidłowe stężenie glukozy we krwi jest insulina – hormon produkowany przez komórki β wysepek trzustkowych. Nadmiar wydzielanej insuliny obniża stężenie glukozy we krwi i powoduje hipoglikemię, której objawy są widoczne, gdy zawartość glukozy wynosi poniżej 2,5 mmol/l (45 mg/dl). Znacznie częściej występuje u zwierząt stan hiperglikemii, zwanej potocznie cukrzycą, w której stężenie glukozy we krwi wynosi powyżej 7,3 mmol/l (130 mg/dl). Cukrzyca jest przewlekłym zaburzeniem endokrynologicznym występującym u kotów i psów, spowodowanym całkowitym lub częściowym brakiem insuliny, produkowanej przez komórki β wysepek trzustkowych lub niewrażliwością komórek na ten hormon.

Niedobór insuliny prowadzi do wzrostu stężenia glukozy we krwi oraz do nieprawidłowego odżywiania tkanek – komórki organizmu nie wykorzystują węglowodanów, białek i tłuszczów, przez co dochodzi do stałej glukoneogenezy. Hiperglikemii towarzyszą glikozuria, poliuria, polidypsja, utrata wagi lub otyłość. W surowicy krwi pojawiają się ciała ketonowe, które stopniowo wyniszczają organizm, doprowadzając do rozwoju kwasicy ketonowej (DKA) i śpiączki. Zwykle objawy narastają powoli i stają się widoczne, gdy stężenie glukozy wzrośnie do ok. 10 mmol/l (180 mg/dl) u psów i około 11 mmol/l (200 mg/dl) u kotów – u [...]

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Mogą zainteresować Cię również


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Wizytówka firmy


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Sklep


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