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Kamica moczowa. Cz. I. Etiologia i diagnostyka - Vetkompleksowo – serwis dla lekarzy weterynarii
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Wyszukaj w serwisie


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Kamica moczowa. Cz. I. Etiologia i diagnostyka


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Problemy z oddawaniem moczu u psów i kotów zdarzają się bardzo często w codziennej pracy lekarza praktyka.

Powodów dysurii może być wiele, natomiast jedną z głównych przyczyn jest kamica moczowa – pojawienie się kamieni moczowych (urolitów) w nerkach oraz drogach wyprowadzających mocz. Pod kątem częstotliwości występowania kamieni moczowych zdecydowanie przeważa pęcherz oraz cewka moczowa, w dalszej kolejności zdarzają się one w nerkach i moczowodach.

Etiopatogeneza

Kamienie moczowe powstają w wyniku nawarstwienia się i agregacji w większe konglomeraty, głównie kryształów moczowych, które z kolei tworzą się w wyniku wytrącenia się związków mineralnych, które uległy krystalizacji. W skład kamieni wchodzą agregat krystaliczny oraz macierz organiczna składająca się z białek oraz kompleksów mukoprotein (5).

Czynnikami predysponującymi są: rasa zwierzęcia, płeć, dieta, homeostaza wodna organizmu, wiek, wady anatomiczne i czynnościowe układu moczowego.

Do najczęściej obserwowanych kryształów w moczu psów i kotów należą kryształy fosforanu magnezowo-amonowego, szczawianowo-wapniowe, moczanowe oraz cystynowe.

Dużo rzadziej u tych gatunków możliwa jest mikroskopowa diagnostyka węglanów wapnia, fosforanów wapnia, fosforanów bezpostaciowych, kwasu moczowego i krzemianów (4, 5).

Często kamienie składają się z więcej niż jednego rodzaju kryształów.

Poszczególne rodzaje kryształów powstają przede wszystkim w zależności od wysycenia moczu krystaloidami, obniżenia lub wzrostu pH, stężenia inhibitorów krystalizacji oraz możliwości [...]

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Mogą zainteresować Cię również


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Wizytówka firmy


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Sklep


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