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Kardiomiopatia przerostowa u kotów
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Wyszukaj w serwisie


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Kardiomiopatia przerostowa u kotów – nowe wytyczne diagnostyczne i prognostyczne


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Kardiomiopatie to grupa pierwotnych chorób mięśnia sercowego, związanych z jego dysfunkcją (1). Kardiomiopatia przerostowa (ang. hypertrophic cardiomyopathy – HCM) jest definiowana jako przerost (pogrubienie) koncentryczny ścian głównie lewej komory i mięśni brodawkowych (ryc. 1, 2), przy nieobecności innych chorób, mogących być przyczyną przerostu mięśnia sercowego, w tym nadciśnienia tętniczego, nadczynności tarczycy czy akromegalii (1, 10). Zmiany przerostowe mogą mieć charakter łagodny, umiarkowany lub ciężki. Kardiomiopatia przerostowa jest rzadką chorobą serca u psów, a częstość jej występowania szacowana jest na 0,6% psów z niewydolnością serca. Choroba ta jest znacznie częstsza u ludzi i u kotów (częstość jej występowania szacowana jest na 9-15% kotów).

Choroba może się ujawniać w każdym wieku. HCM jest chorobą heterogeniczną, u części chorych kotów występują objawy zastoinowej niewydolności serca (CHF), zatorowości obwodowej (ATE) czy nagła śmierć (4, 11). Inne koty, mimo obecności przerostu lewej komory, mają stosunkowo długi czas przeżycia i nie wykazują objawów choroby serca. Jednym z pierwszych objawów obserwowanych u kotów z HCM jest obecność szmeru w badaniu klinicznym. Objawy niewydolności serca są związane z niewydolnością rozkurczową lewej komory, a chroniczny wzrost ciśnienia napełniania komory lewej lub obu komór przyczynia się do powiększenia przedsionków (zwłaszcza lewego). Zjawisko czynnościowego zawężania drogi odpływu z lewej komory (LVOTO) jest związane z nieprawidłowym ruchem płatka zastawki mitralnej w kierunku przegrody międzykomorowej (SAM) (ryc. 3, 4). Dynamiczne zwężenie aorty powoduje zwiększenie szybkości przepływu krwi oraz turbulencję widoczną w badaniu za pomocą dopplera znakowanego kolorem. Zjawisku temu towarzyszy zazwyczaj niedomykalność zastawki mitralnej. [...]

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Mogą zainteresować Cię również


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Wizytówka firmy


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Sklep


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