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Mykoplazmy hemotropowe - przyczyna zakaźnej niedokrwistości
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Wyszukaj w serwisie


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Mykoplazmy hemotropowe jako przyczyna zakaźnej niedokrwistości kotów


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Mykoplazmy hemotropowe, w tym najbardziej znana wśród lekarzy praktyków Mycoplasma haemofelis (daw. Haemobartonella felis), są szeroko rozpowszechnionymi patogenami wywołującymi niedokrwistość zakaźną u kotowatych na całym świecie. W Polsce choroba uznawana jest za rzadko występującą, jednak w związku z rosnącą liczbą kocich pacjentów oraz ze zwiększającą się populacją stawonogów krwiopijnych podejrzanych o udział w transmisji mykoplazm warto przyjrzeć się istocie tej jednostki chorobowej.

Etiologia i występowanie

Mykoplazmy to dość nietypowe, pozbawione ściany komórkowej, jedne z najmniejszych znanych obecnie nauce bakterii. Gatunki uznawane za hemotropowe przylegają do powierzchni erytrocytów, doprowadzając do niedokrwistości hemolitycznej na skutek wzbudzanej odpowiedzi immunologicznej. Wcześniej patogeny te zaliczano do Rickettsia, obecnie w wyniku badań molekularnych oraz analizy filogenetycznej wykazano bliższe pokrewieństwo z rodziną Mycoplasmataceae (1, 5, 8, 9).

U kotów stwierdzono występowanie trzech gatunków bakterii z tej grupy:

  • Mycoplasma haemofelis;
  • Candidatus M. haemominutum;
  • Candidatus M. turicensis.

Kocie mykoplazmy występują powszechnie na całym świecie. Istnieją zależności dotyczące zwiększonej częstotliwości występowania tego patogenu w pewnych rejonach geograficznych, szczególnie w cieplejszym klimacie. Może to mieć związek z powszechniejszą w tym klimacie populacją ssących krew stawonogów podejrzanych o udział w transmisji zarazka (5).

Jeśli zaś chodzi o poszczególne gatunki, badania przeprowadzone m.in. w [...]

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Mogą zainteresować Cię również


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Wizytówka firmy


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Sklep


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