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Zaburzenia hemostazy psów i kotów - Vetkompleksowo – serwis dla lekarzy weterynarii
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Wyszukaj w serwisie


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Zaburzenia hemostazy psów i kotów – najczęstsze problemy i ich rozwiązania


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Hemostaza to złożony proces obejmujący szereg interakcji regulowanych w czasie i przestrzeni między ścianami naczyń krwionośnych, krążącymi płytkami krwi (PLT), tkankami związanymi z czynnikiem tkankowym (ang. tissue factor – TF) oraz prokoagulantami, antykoagulantami i fibrynolitycznymi białkami osocza. Dzięki niej krew w żywym organizmie jest utrzymywana w stanie płynnym, a jej utrata jest hamowana przez tworzenie skrzepu w miejscu uszkodzenia ściany naczynia krwionośnego (1). Nieprawidłowości ze strony któregoś z wymienionych wyżej elementów mogą doprowadzić do stanu zagrażającego życiu zwierzęcia.

Zaburzenia hemostazy można podzielić na trzy główne obszary (2):

  1. zaburzenia w hemostazie pierwotnej;
  2. zaburzenia w hemostazie wtórnej;
  3. zaburzenia fibrynolizy.

Hemostaza pierwotna

Zaburzenia hemostazy pierwotnej dotyczą formowania skrzepu płytkowego. Zmniejszenie liczby trombocytów, zaburzenia ich funkcji oraz zmniejszenie ilości czynnika von Willebranda (vWF) powodują zaburzenia w tworzeniu skrzepu i mogą prowadzić do krwawienia z błon śluzowych lub krwiaków (3).

Małopłytkowość (trombocytopenia) jest spowodowana zmniejszoną produkcją, zwiększonym zużyciem lub sekwestracją płytek. Spontaniczne krwawienia u psów i kotów obserwowane są w momencie, gdy liczba PLT spada poniżej 50 000/µl. Najczęstsze przyczyny prowadzące do trombocytopenii przedstawiono na algorytmie 1. Klinicznie u zwierząt najczęściej obserwuje się: punktowe wybroczyny na skórze i błonach śluzowych (łac. petechiae), krwawienia z błon śluzowych (np.: krwawienie z nosa, hematuria, [...]

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Mogą zainteresować Cię również


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Wizytówka firmy


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Sklep


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