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Choroby prionowe i prionopodobne
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Wyszukaj w serwisie


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Choroby prionowe i prionopodobne


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Choroby prionowe to grupa zakaźnych chorób neurodegeneracyjnych występujących zarówno u zwierząt, jak i u ludzi, spowodowanych nagromadzeniem się nieprawidłowych białkowych cząsteczek zakaźnych, tak zwanych prionów. Choroby te mają bardzo długi okres inkubacji, objawiają się zaburzeniami neurologicznymi w szerokim spektrum, a u ludzi dodatkowo występują zaburzenia psychiatryczne i otępienne. Choroby prionowe zawsze prowadzą do śmierci pacjenta. U ich podstawy leżą zmiana struktury przestrzennej prawidłowych białek komórkowych i kumulacja nieprawidłowego białka w ośrodkowym układzie nerwowym, co prowadzi do rozprzestrzeniania się patologii oraz degeneracji kolejnych komórek nerwowych. Degeneracje te prowadzą do zmiany makroskopowej w strukturze centralnego układu nerwowego, co określa się mianem encefalopatii gąbczastej. Zgodnie z definicją choroby te przenoszą się poprzez pasażowanie, dlatego też literaturze naukowej są często określane jako pasażowalne encefalopatie gąbczaste (TSE, ang. transmissible spongiform encephalopathy). W świadomości społeczeństwa najbardziej znane są dwie jednostki chorobowe: choroba Creutzfeldta-Jakoba diagnozowana u ludzi oraz encefalopatia gąbczasta bydła (BSE, ang. bovine spongiform encephalopaty), zwana potocznie chorobą szalonych krów (ang. mad cow disease). W obiegu medialnym rzadziej jest obecna trzęsawka owiec (ang. scrapie). Choroby prionowe występujące u innych gatunków zwierząt są wciąż patologiami wymagającymi dogłębnych badań, a w literaturze naukowej istnieje niewiele doniesień na ten temat. Niniejszy artykuł ma na celu przybliżenie patogenezy chorób prionowych oraz omówienie ich charakterystyki.

Priony

Fizjologiczne białko prionowe PrPC

Prion jest samopowielającą się strukturą, która nie zawiera kwasu nukleinowego, a także nie wykazuje aktywności metabolicznej [...]

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Mogą zainteresować Cię również


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Wizytówka firmy


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Sklep


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