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Inwazje kleszczy u zwierząt towarzyszących w Polsce
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Charakterystyka kleszczy
Kleszcze to obligatoryjne, czasowe pasożyty zewnętrzne kręgowców lądowych. Jako hematofagi są ważnymi wektorami chorób zakaźnych i pasożytniczych ludzi oraz zwierząt, określanych wspólną nazwą „chorób odkleszczowych” (TBD, ang. tick-borne diseases). Najważniejszymi kleszczami ssaków są przedstawiciele rodziny Ixodidae, określa się je także jako kleszcze właściwe lub twarde ze względu na występowanie na powierzchni idiosomy twardej, chitynowej tarczki grzbietowej zwanej scutum. Obecnie nauce znanych jest ponad 900 gatunków kleszczy, lecz w miarę opisywania nowych gatunków liczba ta stale rośnie. Europejska fauna kleszczy obejmuje 77 przedstawicieli (Ixodidae), z czego 19 gatunków stale występuje na terenie Polski. Największe znaczenie medyczne i weterynaryjne w kraju przypisuje się dwóm gatunkom: Ixodes ricinus (ryc. 1) i Dermacentor reticulatus (ryc. 2). Oba pełnią rolę rezerwuaru ważnych patogenów, w tym: Anaplasma spp., Ehrlichia spp., Rickettsia raoultii, Borrelia burgdorferi, Bartonella spp., Babesia spp., Hepatozoon sp. czy wirusa TBE.


lub posiadają wykupioną subskrypcję.
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Mogą zainteresować Cię również
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POSTĘPOWANIA
w weterynarii
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