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Wścieklizna i zakażenia innymi wirusami z rodzaju Lyssavirus
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Wyszukaj w serwisie


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Wścieklizna i zakażenia innymi wirusami z rodzaju Lyssavirus


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Etiologia

Czynnikiem etiologicznym wścieklizny jest wirus należący do rodzaju Lyssavirus z rodziny Rhabdoviridae. Najbardziej rozpowszechnionym, a zarazem najniebezpieczniejszym gatunkiem z tej rodziny jest Rabies lyssavirus (RABV) powodujący wściekliznę. Obecnie znanych jest 18 gatunków, które zostały podzielone na cztery filogrupy, uwzględniając ich właściwości genetyczne, immunologiczne oraz chorobotwórcze.

W filogrupie pierwszej znajduje się wirus wścieklizny oraz inne chorobotwórcze wirusy, które są podobne do niego pod względem genetycznym i serologicznym, przez co występuje między nimi odporność krzyżowa. Do drugiej filogrupy należą wirusy, które są genetycznie podobne do RABV, jednak uznawane są za niechorobotwórcze, gdyż po podaniu ich drogą domięśniową myszom laboratoryjnym nie wywoływały u nich objawów choroby. W tej grupie nie notuje się również odporności krzyżowej.

W czwartej grupie zaklasyfikowano pozostałe gatunki. Natomiast West Caucasian bat virus (WCBV) ze względu na swoją odmienność genetyczną został sklasyfikowany w osobnej, trzeciej filogrupie (tab. 1). Lyssawirusy to jednoniciowe wirusy RNA w kształcie pocisku. Na zewnątrz kapsydu obecna jest osłonka lipoproteinowa, która determinuje wrażliwość na rozpuszczalniki organiczne. Są one wrażliwe są na detergenty, światło ultrafioletowe i ogrzewanie (1-6).

WWP_4_21_choroby_zakazne_agnieszka_lachowicz_wolak_WSCIEKLIZNA_I_ZAKAZENIA_INNYMI_WIRUSAMI_TAB_1
Tab. 1. Zestawienie gatunków z rodzaju Lyssawirus (3-6, 20-21)
* Oprócz Antarktydy i Australii

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Mogą zainteresować Cię również


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Wizytówka firmy


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Sklep


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