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Diagnostyka hiperadrenokortycyzmu u psów - Vetkompleksowo – serwis dla lekarzy weterynarii
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Wyszukaj w serwisie


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Diagnostyka hiperadrenokortycyzmu u psów


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kortyzol

Fizjologicznie odpowiednie stężenie kortyzolu, który jest produkowany w nadnerczach, jest niezbędne do prawidłowego funkcjonowania organizmu. Kortyzol reguluje metabolizm poprzez nasilenie glukoneogenezy, zwiększa reaktywność naczyń krwionośnych, wpływa na osmoregulację i równowagę elektrolitową oraz ma działanie przeciwzapalne.

Aby mieć pewność, iż organizm nie wytworzy za dużo kortyzolu, produkcja tego hormonu jest regulowana przez oś podwzgórze – przysadka – nadnercza. Podwzgórze wydziela CRH (kortykoliberyna, hormon uwalniający kortykotropinę), który stymuluje wydzielanie przez przysadkę ACTH (hormon adrenokortykotropowy). ACTH wpływa na zwiększenie wydzielania kortyzolu przez korę nadnerczy. Oś podwzgórze – przysadka – nadnercza jest kontrolowana przez ujemne sprzężenie zwrotne, które zapobiega nadmiernej produkcji kortyzolu, gdyż kortyzol hamuje wydzielanie CRH oraz ACTH.

Patofizjologia

Nadmierna produkcja kortyzolu prowadzi do hiperadrenokortycyzmu, inaczej określanego jako zespół Cushinga. Jest on głównie wywoływany przez guzy przysadki (80-85%) – mikro- (85%) lub makrogruczolaki (15%) wydzielają niekontrolowane ilości ACTH, a to z kolei prowadzi do wydzielania kortyzolu w nadnerczach. W takich przypadkach poziom kortyzolu u zwierząt jest podwyższony, a poziom ACTH jest w normie lub podwyższony. Pozostałe 15-20% to efekt wydzielania kortyzolu w niekontrolowanej ilości przez jednostronne łagodne lub złośliwe guzy nadnerczy. W takich przypadkach poziom kortyzolu u zwierząt jest podwyższony, a poziom ACTH jest obniżony.

Hiperadrenokortycyzm [...]

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Mogą zainteresować Cię również


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Wizytówka firmy


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Sklep


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Poznaj nasze serwisy