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Niedokrwistość w diagnostyce laboratoryjnej - Vetkompleksowo – serwis dla lekarzy weterynarii
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Wyszukaj w serwisie


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Niedokrwistość w diagnostyce laboratoryjnej


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Problemem, z którym w ostatnich latach coraz częściej spotykamy się w naszej codziennej praktyce laboratoryjnej, staje się anemia (niedokrwistość). Pod pojęciem niedokrwistości rozumiemy zespół objawów chorobowych przebiegających z bladością błon śluzowych oraz obejmujących redukcję masy erytrocytów.

Jedną z najważniejszych kwestii dotyczących anemii jest określenie jej stopnia zaawansowania oraz charakteru pod kątem regeneracji szpiku kostnego.

Stopień zaawansowania niedokrwistości ustala się na podstawie liczby erytrocytów (RBC), hematokrytu (Ht) oraz hemoglobiny (Hb).

Stopień nasilenia niedokrwistości związany jest głównie z jej patogenezą. Jeśli mamy do czynienia z ciężką anemią, która wyraża się słabymi bądź umiarkowanymi objawami klinicznymi, z dużym prawdopodobieństwem możemy podejrzewać proces przewlekły (choroby szpiku kostnego). Natomiast ostre przypadki ciężkiej niedokrwistości (np. hemoliza wewnątrznaczyniowa) są silnie wyrażone klinicznie.

WWP_11_12_16_NIEDOKRWISTOSC_W_DIAGNOSTYCE_LABORATORYJNEJ_TAB_1
Tab. 1. Typy niedokrwistości

Pod kątem odnowy erytrocytów wyróżniamy niedokrwistość regeneratywną oraz nieregeneratywną. Laboratoryjnie możemy ją określić poprzez oznaczenie liczby retikulocytów. Podwyższone ilości retikulocytów (u psa > 60,0/nl, u kota > 30,0/nl ) świadczą o anemii regeneratywnej. Należy jednak pamiętać, że zanim dojdzie do retikulozy, może minąć nawet 96 godzin. W anemii regeneratywnej mamy do czynienia z utratą krwi lub ze zmniejszoną żywotnością erytrocytów (hemoliza). Istotną rzeczą jest całkowita ilość białka w osoczu. Jeżeli jego wartość jest obniżona, wówczas bardziej prawdopodobna jest utrata krwi niż hemoliza, ponieważ podczas utraty [...]

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Mogą zainteresować Cię również


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Wizytówka firmy


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Sklep


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