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Różnicowanie niedokrwistości za drzwiami laboratorium
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Wyszukaj w serwisie


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Różnicowanie niedokrwistości za drzwiami laboratorium


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Niedokrwistość nie jest chorobą, lecz stanem chorobowym towarzyszącym różnym jednostkom chorobowym. Mimo że bardzo często niedokrwistość definiuje się jako zmniejszenie stężenia hemoglobiny (HGB, ang. hemoglobin concentration) i/lub zmniejszenie liczby erytrocytów (RBC, ang. red blood cell) lub hematokrytu (Ht, ang. hematocrit), to branie pod uwagę tych trzech parametrów w równym stopniu może być źródłem błędnej diagnozy. Z laboratoryjnego punktu widzenia niedokrwistość definiowana jest jako zmniejszenie stężenia hemoglobiny poniżej wartości referencyjnej dla danego gatunku, wieku oraz płci. W konsekwencji stan ten prowadzi do niedostatecznego utlenowania tkanek, czyli hipoksji anoksemicznej. W literaturze dolne wartości referencyjne dla stężenia hemoglobiny wahają się od 11,9 g/dl dla psa i od 9,8 g/dl dla kota (1, 2). Wartości referencyjne parametrów laboratoryjnych mogą zmieniać się w zależności od laboratoriów. Nadrzędna wartość stężenia hemoglobiny w tej sytuacji wynika z faktu, że niedokrwistość, zwłaszcza w początkowym stadium, może przebiegać bez widocznej zmiany RBC. Przykładem może być niedokrwistość z niedoboru żelaza, w przypadku której liczba czerwonych krwinek może przez dłuższy czas pozostawać w zakresie referencyjnym. Dlatego miarą niedokrwistości nie jest liczba erytrocytów, a stężenie białka hemoglobiny. Z kolei wartość hematokrytu jest ściśle związana ze stanem uwodnienia organizmu, dlatego jego interpretacja powinna być analizowana wraz ze stężeniem np. albumin w surowicy. Niemniej jednak właściwą praktyką jest spojrzenie całościowe na wszystkie parametry czerwonokrwinkowe, a nie analiza tylko wybranego wskaźnika.

Parametry czerwonokrwinkowe – analiza morfologii krwi obwodowej pod kątem niedokrwistości

Główne parametry czerwonokrwinkowe to: liczba erytrocytów, stężenie [...]

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Mogą zainteresować Cię również


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Wizytówka firmy


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Sklep


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