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Ból receptorowy i neuropatyczny - strategie terapeutyczne
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Wyszukaj w serwisie


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Strategie terapeutyczne przewlekłego bólu receptorowego i neuropatycznego u zwierząt towarzyszących


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Dlaczego ból przewlekły zarówno receptorowy, jak i pozareceptorowy (neuropatyczny) należy traktować jako jednostkę chorobową?

Odczuwanie bólu przez ludzi i zwierzęta stanowi najtrudniejsze, ale zawsze subiektywne, prawdziwie indywidualne, nieprzyjemne doznanie sensoryczno-emocjonalne każdego osobnika. Dla każdego organizmu ból stanowi naturalny sygnał chorobowy i pełni funkcję ostrzegawczo-ochronną. Ostrzega organizm przed uszkodzeniem tkanek, chorobą lub urazem oraz wyzwala odruchową odpowiedź organizmu, mającą na celu zminimalizowanie skutków zagrożenia, ograniczyć jego zasięg i zapewnić organizmowi optymalne warunki procesu gojenia. Zatem ból ma za zadanie motywowanie organizmu do zmiany zachowania w celu redukcji jego odczuwania, to znaczy, że ból zawsze wywołuje reakcję unikania, co stanowi pozytywną jego rolę.

Receptorami bólowymi są nocyceptory. W następstwie ich drażnienia dochodzi do odczuwania bólu przez organizm człowieka czy zwierzęcia. Informacje o bólu docierają do ośrodkowego układu nerwowego wieloma drogami, poprzez rogi tylne rdzenia kręgowego do tworu siatkowatego, wzgórza i kory mózgowej. W tych strukturach ośrodkowego układu nerwowego dochodzi do percepcji bólu, czyli jego rozpoznawania i lokalizacji przez organizm. Jest to tzw. ból receptorowy (nocyceptywny), który jest najczęściej występującym rodzajem bólu i który, jeżeli ma charakter ostry, jest bólem samoograniczającym się i jest najłatwiejszy do wyeliminowania.

Ból receptorowy jest zawsze bólem traumatycznym, który pojawia się w efekcie podrażnienia mechanicznego, termicznego czy chemicznego zakończeń nerwowych włókien (nocyceptorów) przez różne substancje, w tym również endogenne mediatory odczynu zapalnego.

W przeciwieństwie do bólu ostrego ból [...]

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Mogą zainteresować Cię również


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Wizytówka firmy


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Sklep


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