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Anaplazmoza granulocytarna  – zagrożenie dla zdrowia człowieka - Vetkompleksowo – serwis dla lekarzy weterynarii
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Wyszukaj w serwisie


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Anaplazmoza granulocytarna  – zagrożenie dla zdrowia człowieka


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Anaplazmoza granulocytarna jest transmisyjną zoonozą przenoszoną przez kleszcze, wywoływaną przez Anaplasma phagocytophilum. Wektorem bakterii są kleszcze Ixodes spp. Anaplasma namnaża się w neutrofilach zakażonego osobnika, a sama choroba może mieć przebieg bezobjawowy.

Anaplazmoza granulocytarna jest transmisyjną, wielonarządową chorobą ludzi i zwierząt, przebiegającą z trombocytopenią (1-6). Choroba występuje w okresie wiosennym i jesiennym – w sezonie aktywności kleszczy (7). Czynnikiem etiologicznym ludzkiej granulocytarnej anaplazmozy (ang. Human Granulocytic Anaplasmosis – HGA) jest Anaplasma phagocytophilum. Jest to niewielka, Gram-ujemna bakteria o sferoidalnym lub pleomorficznym kształcie, utrzymująca się w zakażonym organizmie wewnątrz granulocytów (2, 4). Klasyfikuje się ją w obrębie rodzaju Anaplasma, w rzędzie Rickettsiales. Rząd Rickettsiales powstał z połączenia rodzin Anaplasmataceae i Rickettsiaceae. Na podstawie wyników badań molekularnych do A. phagocytophilum zaliczono patogeny uważane wcześniej za odrębne gatunki: Ehrlichia phagocytophila, E. equi i czynnik HGE (ang. Human Granulocytic Ehrlichiosis agent – HGE agent) (3, 8).

Historia choroby

Początkowo choroby wywoływane przez bakterie wewnątrzkomórkowe z rodziny Anaplasmataceae, rodzajów Ehrlichia i Anaplasma określano mianem „erlichioz”. Pierwsze doniesienia o ich wystąpieniu u ludzi pochodzą z roku 1953, kiedy zdiagnozowano przypadek zakażenia drobnoustrojami klasyfikowanymi dzisiaj jako gatunek Neorickettsia sennetsu. Infekcje na tle Ehrlichia spp. u ludzi notowane są od 1986 roku, zaś powodowane bakteriami Anaplasma spp. – od roku 1990. 

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Mogą zainteresować Cię również


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Wizytówka firmy


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Sklep


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