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Przegląd chorób o podłożu genetycznym przebiegających z objawami neurologicznymi - Vetkompleksowo – serwis dla lekarzy weterynarii
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Wyszukaj w serwisie


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Przegląd chorób o podłożu genetycznym przebiegających z objawami neurologicznymi


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Badania genetyczne są nowym narzędziem dla lekarzy weterynarii. Dają one możliwość między innymi ustalenia pochodzenia zwierzęcia (ustalenie ojcostwa) oraz określenia, czy dany pies jest nosicielem mutacji genowej, która może spowodować wystąpienie choroby u jego potomstwa. Poniższy artykuł przedstawia przegląd chorób uwarunkowanych genetycznie dających objawy neurologiczne u psów, a także podstawowe informacje dotyczące zasad dziedziczenia.

Rejestr psów

Rejestr psów rasowych wprowadzono w XIX wieku, po założeniu The Kennel Club w Wielkiej Brytanii (1873 r.) oraz American Kennel Club (1884 r.). Wkrótce też zaczęła obowiązywać bariera rasowa – zwierzęta uzyskiwały wpis do rejestru tylko wtedy, gdy ich oboje rodzice byli osobnikami zarejestrowanymi. W wyniku tego działania zaczęły wyłaniać się rasy z ograniczonych pod względem genetycznym grup zwierząt. Same te grupy stawały się coraz bardziej genetycznie odrębne od siebie. Selektywne rozmnażanie osobników z takiej ograniczonej puli genetycznej doprowadziło do różnorodności psów pod względem fenotypowym. Negatywnym skutkiem takiego postępowania jest wysoka częstotliwość występowania chorób uwarunkowanych genetycznie (2). Dodatkowymi elementami, które pozwoliły na utrwalenie w obrębie rasy spontanicznych, niekorzystnych mutacji prowadzących do rozwoju chorób, było prowadzenie hodowli przez kilkadziesiąt pokoleń selekcjonowanych pod względem specyficznych cech wyglądu czy zachowania, hodowli w pokrewieństwie, często wykorzystywane przy tworzeniu nowych ras, a także brak presji naturalnej selekcji i doboru (1, 3).

Genom psa

Badania nad podłożem genetycznym chorób psów rozpoczęły się w latach 60. XX wieku (2). Dzięki rozwojowi technologii [...]

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Mogą zainteresować Cię również


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Wizytówka firmy


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Sklep


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Poznaj nasze serwisy