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Zaburzenia gospodarki wapniowo-fosforanowej w przebiegu PNN
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Wyszukaj w serwisie


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Zaburzenia gospodarki wapniowo-fosforanowej w przebiegu PNN u psów i kotów


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Przewlekła niewydolność nerek (PNN) zwykle rozwija się w ciągu miesięcy i lat, cechuje się ona powolnym przyzwyczajaniem się organizmu do pogarszającej się czynności nerek. Większość objawów choroby może być utożsamiana jako „związane z wiekiem” i nawet przy właściwej trosce opiekuna zwierzęcia oraz adekwatnej opiece weterynaryjnej jest zwykle wykrywana jako bardzo zaawansowana. Wówczas ma zwykle charakter choroby postępującej i nieodwracalnej. W obecnej chwili bardzo duży nacisk kładzie się na terapię, jak i zapobieganie zaburzeniom gospodarki wapniowo-fosforowej oraz metabolizmu witaminy D3.

Metabolizm wapnia i fosforu

W homeostazie wapnia główną rolę odgrywają: przytarczyce, jelita, nerki i kości. Najważniejszym jej regulatorem jest parathormon (PTH), produkowany jako odpowiedź na hipokalcemię i hiperfosfatemię. Stymuluje on osteoklasty, nasilające resorpcję wapnia i fosforu z kości, co powoduje wzrost ich stężenia w przestrzeni pozakomórkowej. W nerkach PTH zwiększa reabsorpcję wapnia, hamując jednocześnie wchłanianie fosforu. Ponadto stymuluje aktywność 1-α hydroksylazy, zwiększając produkcję kalcytriolu – aktywnej formy witaminy D3 (1,25(OH)2D). Odbywa się to w komórkach proksymalnego kanalika krętego.

Witamina ta wzmaga nerkową i jelitową absorpcję wapnia i fosforu oraz ich uwalnianie z kości. Zwrotnie hamują one produkcję parathormonu. Stosunkowo niedawno został odkryty czynnik Fibroblast Growth Factor – 23 (FGF-23), produkowany przez osteoklasty. Głównym bodźcem do jego wytwarzania jest hiperfosfatemia, a podstawowym zadaniem – zwiększenie jego wydalania przez nerki. FGF-23 zmniejsza również aktywność 1-α hydroksylazy.

Przewlekła niewydolność nerek (PNN) charakteryzuje [...]
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Mogą zainteresować Cię również


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Wizytówka firmy


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Sklep


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Poznaj nasze serwisy