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Syndrom oddechowy bydła
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Ogólne wprowadzenie
1. Zespół wieloczynnikowy
Syndrom oddechowy bydła (BRD, ang. bovine respiratory disease) jest zespołem chorób zakaźnych atakujących dolne drogi oddechowe – bronchopneumonia. BRD to nie wynik prostego zakażenia jednym z patogenów, ale choroba wieloczynnikowa wynikająca z interakcji pomiędzy patogenem (patogenami), gospodarzem i środowiskiem.
BRD objawia się klinicznie: gorączką, kaszlem, wzrostem częstości oddechów, zmianą wzorca oddechowego, jak pokazano na ryc. 2 (duszność), anoreksją, wydzieliną z oczu i nosa.
BRD jest zasadniczo pochodzenia bakteryjnego i/lub wirusowego. Główne patogeny są wymienione w tab. 1.


2. Naturalne predyspozycje przeżuwaczy do BRD
Niektóre cechy anatomiczne i fizjologiczne bydła sprawiają, że jest ono bardzo podatne na choroby układu oddechowego:
- mniejsza objętość płuc i powierzchnia pęcherzyków płucnych dostępna do wymiany gazowej, w porównaniu ze ssakami o podobnej masie ciała i podobnym zapotrzebowaniu na tlen,
- funkcjonalna dojrzałość układu oddechowego cieląt jest osiągana późno, np. u rasy holsztyńskiej dopiero w wieku około roku,
- prawdopodobnie [...]
którzy są subskrybentami naszego portalu.
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Mogą zainteresować Cię również
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POSTĘPOWANIA
w weterynarii
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